UNIQUE AERODYNAMIC DESIGN
Why are Helikites so much more efficient and easier to use than conventional blimps?
Helikites take advantage of both wind and helium to fly. For stabilisation, they use a balloon plus a specially designed kite with a long keel. The result: much more lift than normal blimps for less helium.
Helikites exploit wind very well and will fly in a breeze, even if they are weighed down to be heavier than air. This means that no extra helium is needed to fight the wind, which eliminates the need for 80% of the helium compared to normal aerostats. Additionally, higher wind speeds give more lift to Helikites. This means that tether drag is not as much of a problem, because as the drag on the tether increases so does the lift from the Helikite to compensate. So even tiny Helikites can fly to many thousands of feet in the slightest breeze.
The fat, rounded balloon is strong enough to take a good pressure of helium without bursting. High winds do not distort it, as they would with a conventional blimp. Furthermore, the kite spar lying along the bottom of the balloon creates a semi-rigid aerostat with the advantage of extremely good resistance to wind distortion.
The simple, oblate spheroid balloon is relatively easy to make compared to the complex shape of conventional blimps, and does not have their difficult sealing problems. As a result, leaking seams are very unusual with Helikites. Conversely, normal blimps often have this problem, especially as pressures increase.
The wide shape of the Helikite gives useful aerodynamic lift. Powerful stability is provided by the kite with its keel and by the position of the helium balloon above the kite.
The kite weighs little and provides the balloon with rigidity at lower pressures. The rounded balloon is a very strong elastic shape and is resistant to changes in pressure.
Helikites cope very well with pressure changes both within and outside the Helikite balloon. The rounded shape allows for relatively elastic material to be used for the balloon envelope, so it is capable of increasing or decreasing in size as required with little ill effect.
The proprietary ‘Variable-Volume Bridle’ allows flight up to 6000ft with no ballonet required. The solid carbon-fibre kite spar gives the Helikite some useful shape – even if the balloon is low in pressure. So, unlike conventional balloons, Helikites very seldom need ballonets, even when flying at great height. Simply fill the Helikite balloon for the average temperature and pressure likely to be encountered, and the Helikite’s design will automatically cope with the pressure changes.
This makes the operation much, much simpler, as well as saving costs, weight, helium, and training of operator personnel.
The Helikite’s sophisticated design allows it to lift many times the payload of conventional blimps for the same amount of helium, and also enables it to fly in very high winds unattended. Helikites need only 5 m3 of helium to lift 1.5kg to about 3000 ft in no wind and 7,000ft in a breeze.
An 11m3 Helikite will lift 5.5kg in no wind and will lift 2 kg to about 7,000ft in a breeze. Helikites fulfil peoples' expectations of lighter-than-air aerostats. This is why thousands are sold worldwide for a very wide variety of tasks, many of which were not possible before the invention of Helikites.
Effect of Wind on Compact Aerostats
Huge blimp aerostats of around 400m3 or more can fly in high winds if they are well designed and well maintained. This is because they utilise massive amounts of helium lift in the nose to counteract the de-stabilising effect of the wind.
However, compact blimp aerostats do not have access to this huge amount of helium lift in the nose, although the wind is just as strong for them as it is for the massive blimps. The classic blimp shape does not scale down as expected, which is why compact blimps do not perform well in wind.
When up in the air, a well designed, massive, classic blimp is a good flying machine. The problem is the immense cost, large helium requirement, high manpower and extensive space required. Also, they are very difficult to deploy and retrieve in high winds. Generally, a Helikite of about one quarter the size will do the same job.
Payload Attachment System (PAS) - This is a carbon-fibre stabilisation system designed for use with cameras. It enables the camera to be positioned steadily below the Helikite keel to give 360 degrees of uninterrupted viewing. It will add about 30% to the weight of the camera payload. So, a 1kg camera will also need 0.3kg of PAS.
Material - Performance figures will vary if non-standard materials are used.
Extreme cold - (below -15°C). These temperatures occur in high latitudes and sometimes at heights above 9,000 ft. In these situations, a different balloon material may be used which may be heavier or cost more.
Precipitation - Rain, snow and ice will reduce the lift. Smaller Helikites are affected far more than the larger ones.
Temperature, pressure, and density effects - These figures are for standard temperature and pressure. They are to be used as an approximate guide only. In areas of great heat or humidity there will be slightly less lift. Equatorial regions have thinner air which also reduces lift. Obviously, the air at altitude is thinner and therefore it lifts less too. Air pressure affects the pressure of wind upon Helikites, so at high altitude a higher wind may be tolerated than lower down.
Performance Comparison
Compared to standard blimps of similar sizes, the vastly superior performance of Helikites becomes obvious.